Optimizing Supply Chains for Cultural Heritage Renovation: An Operational Perspective

Abstract

This study presents an integrated framework for managing cultural heritage (CH) renovation projects by aligning supply chain operations with project management methodologies. Recognizing the unique challenges posed by heritage restoration, such as limited material suppliers, specialized labor, and regulatory constraints, the paper emphasizes the need for synchronized supply chain planning, procurement, and execution. Drawing on existing literature, the study outlines a supply chain operational model rooted in institutional oversight and resourcefulness, encompassing structural, energy-efficiency, and ornamental interventions. A case study of Riga’s Central Market pavilions illustrates the framework’s application, focusing on three restoration works: fiber Bragg grating sensor installation, concrete overlay strengthening, and corrosion monitoring system deployment. Using Critical Path Method (CPM) simulations, the study identifies critical tasks and bottlenecks, highlighting how delays in material delivery, equipment availability, and skilled labor can impact project timelines. The analysis reveals that activities such as rebar replacement, overlay casting, and sensor embedment are highly sensitive to supply chain disruptions. The study also maps resource flows (materials, equipment, tools, and labor) underscoring the importance of coordination among stakeholders. Findings suggest that integrating supply chain dynamics into project scheduling enhances responsiveness and reduces hidden delays. The study contributes a novel operational framework that integrates supply chain dynamics with project scheduling, offers empirical evidence of supply chain impacts on restoration timelines, and identifies resource-sensitive activities that influence project duration. It also provides practical guidance for aligning procurement, logistics, and workforce planning with restoration sequencing.